Professor Li’s research has focused on atmospheric circulation, tropical meteorology, and climate dynamics, with particular emphasis on the mechanisms of the Asian monsoon, the El Niño–Southern Oscillation (ENSO), and their interactions with global climate variability. His work has addressed tropical–extratropical interactions, the predictability of monsoon rainfall, and the dynamics of the East Asian climate system through national research programmes and international scientific collaboration. He has authored numerous peer-reviewed publications in meteorological and climate journals and has contributed to the training of atmospheric scientists in China. Through his leadership of state key laboratories and major research programmes, Professor Li has contributed to connecting fundamental research in atmospheric dynamics with practical applications in weather forecasting, climate prediction, and meteorological research related to national security.