Professor Qiao’s research has focused on the development of coupled ocean and air–sea models, with particular attention to wave-induced mixing, wave–tide–circulation interactions, typhoon modelling, climate-system modelling, and high-performance computing for ocean models. His research has contributed to the development of wave-induced mixing theory and to the construction of the FIO-COM coupled global high-resolution wave–tide–circulation model, as well as an operational coupled forecasting system based on this modelling framework. He has also developed the FIO-AOW typhoon model incorporating wave spray and other air–sea interaction processes and the FIO-ESM climate model incorporating ocean-wave processes, and has worked on highly efficient parallel algorithms for large-scale ocean modelling. With more than 300 peer-reviewed publications and multiple Provincial and Ministerial First Prizes, his research has contributed to advances in ocean dynamics, coupled Earth-system modelling, marine environmental prediction, and the numerical simulation of extreme marine and atmospheric events. Through sustained research, international scientific cooperation, and leadership in oceanographic organisations, Professor Qiao has contributed to connecting advances in ocean modelling with practical applications in marine forecasting, climate research, and marine disaster risk assessment.